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The '''fallacy of composition''' arises when the inference of an argument depends on the erroneous transference of an attribute of the parts of something to the whole.<ref name=hurley>{{cite book|author=Hurley, Patrick J|title=A Concise Introduction to Logic|publisher=Thompson Wadsworth|location=Belmont, CA|edition=10th|year=2008|page=159|isbn=978-0-495-50383-5}}</ref> This is the opposite of the [[fallacy of division]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Bennett, Bo|title=Logically...Fallacious:The Ultimate Collection of Over 300 Logical Fallacies|publisher=eBookIt.com|location=Sudbury, MA|year=2012|page=112|isbn=978-1-4566-0752-4}}</ref> | The '''fallacy of composition''' arises when the inference of an argument depends on the erroneous transference of an attribute of the parts of something to the whole.<ref name=hurley>{{cite book|author=Hurley, Patrick J|title=A Concise Introduction to Logic|publisher=Thompson Wadsworth|location=Belmont, CA|edition=10th|year=2008|page=159|isbn=978-0-495-50383-5}}</ref> This is the opposite of the [[fallacy of division]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Bennett, Bo|title=Logically...Fallacious:The Ultimate Collection of Over 300 Logical Fallacies|publisher=eBookIt.com|location=Sudbury, MA|year=2012|page=112|isbn=978-1-4566-0752-4}}</ref> | ||
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[[pt:Falácia da composição]] | [[pt:Falácia da composição]] | ||
Revisión del 12:56 29 oct 2013
The fallacy of composition arises when the inference of an argument depends on the erroneous transference of an attribute of the parts of something to the whole.[1] This is the opposite of the fallacy of division.[2]
Examples
- "Richard likes sardines. He also likes toffee pudding. Therefore, it is quite sure that he would like a toffee pudding topped with sardines."
- The frequent accusation that design theorists reduce life to mechanism, commits a fallacy of composition, arguing incorrectly that what is true of the parts must be true of the whole since just the fact the cells have machine-like aspects does not imply that they are machines.[3]
Formal example
Formally speaking this fallacy has the following structure:
- p is part of w
- p has property t
- therefore, w has property t
