Diferencia entre revisiones de «Alotropía»

Revisión del 13:31 23 mar 2013

Las cuatro formas alotrópicas del fósforo: blanco, rojo (las dos más comunes), negro y violeta

Alotropía es la tendencia de sustancias por venir en diferentes alótropos. Alótropos son formas físicas diferentes del mismo elemento. Fósforo, por ejemplo, forma alótropos diversos. The most common ones are white phosphorus and red phosphorus. White phosphorus is a pale yellow waxy solid that is highly toxic. It spontaneously ignites in air and glows in the dark. It is made of P₄ molecules, or four phosphorus atoms in one white phosphorus molecule. White phosphorus can be heated in a vacuum to make red phosphorus. Red phosphorus is a reddish-purple crumbly solid that is relatively nontoxic. It burns in air, but at a high temperature. It is made of chains, or polymers, of P₄ molecules.