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The '''[[Talk.Origins Archive]]''' web page titled [http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/list.html '''''Index to Creationist Claims'''''], consists of a list of rebuttals to alleged creationist arguments against evolutionism. Much of the list was subsequently published in 2005 as ''The Counter-Creationism Handbook''.
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La página web '''[[Talk.Origins Archive]]''' titulada [http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/list.html '''''Index to Creationist Claims'''''], consiste en una lista de supuestas refutaciones a los argumentos creacionistas contra el evolucionismo. Gran parte de la lista se publicó posteriormente en 2005 como el ''The Counter-Creationism Handbook''.
  
Some of these claims are regularly used by creationists, some are uncommon, and some are not used at all. Not all of the objections raised by [[Talk.Origins Archive|Talk.Origins]] are incorrect, but it is important that creationists respond to this anti-creationism list.
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Algunas de estas afirmaciones son utilizadas regularmente por los creacionistas, algunas son poco frecuentes y otras no se utilizan en absoluto. No todas las objeciones planteadas por la [[Talk.Origins Archive|Talk.Origins]] son incorrectas, pero es importante que los creacionistas respondan a esta lista anti-creacionista.
  
This page links to responses from creationists to each of the "rebuttals" found on the Talk.Origin's website.
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Esta página contiene vínculos a las respuestas de los creacionistas a cada una de las "refutaciones" que se encuentran en el sitio web Talk.Origin.
'''<center>NOTE: When creating a page for this archive, please follow the guidance at [[CreationWiki:Talk.Origins responses]].</center>'''
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'''<center>NOTA: Cuando se crea una página de este archivo, por favor, siga la guía en [[CreationWiki:Las respuestas a la Talk.Origins]].</center>'''
  
 
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==CA: Philosophy and Theology==
 
==CA: Philosophy and Theology==
{{philosophy portal}}
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{{portal filosofía}}
 
* '''CA000: Ethics'''
 
* '''CA000: Ethics'''
 
**CA001. [[Evolution is the foundation of an immoral worldview]].
 
**CA001. [[Evolution is the foundation of an immoral worldview]].
***CA001.1. [[Crime rates etc. have increased since evolution began to be taught]].
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***CA001.1. [[Las tasas de criminalidad, etc. han aumentado desde que se comenzó a enseñar la evolución]].
**CA002. [[Survival of the fittest implies might makes right]].
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**CA002. [[La supervivencia del más apto implica poder hacer lo correcto]].
***CA002.1. [[Evolution leads to social Darwinism]].
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***CA002.1. [[La evolución conduce al darwinismo social]].
***CA002.2. [[Marx admired and corresponded with Darwin]].  
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***CA002.2. [[Marx admiraba y correspondía con Darwin]].  
 
**CA005. [[Evolution is racist]].
 
**CA005. [[Evolution is racist]].
 
***CA005.1. [[Darwin himself was racist]].
 
***CA005.1. [[Darwin himself was racist]].
***CA005.2. [[Darwin's work refers to "preservation of favoured races"]].  
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***CA005.2. [[El trabajo de Darwin se refiere a la "preservación de las razas favorecidas"]].  
 
***CA005.3. [[T.H. Huxley was racist]].
 
***CA005.3. [[T.H. Huxley was racist]].
**CA006. [[Evolution encourages eugenics]].
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**CA006. [[La evolución fomenta la eugenesia]].
 
***CA006.1. [[Hitler based his views on Darwinism]].  
 
***CA006.1. [[Hitler based his views on Darwinism]].  
 
***CA006.2. [[Stalin's policies were influenced by Darwin]].
 
***CA006.2. [[Stalin's policies were influenced by Darwin]].
Línea 32: Línea 32:
 
**CA040. [[Fairness demands evolution and creation be given equal time]].
 
**CA040. [[Fairness demands evolution and creation be given equal time]].
 
**CA041. [[Teach the controversy]].
 
**CA041. [[Teach the controversy]].
***CA041.1. [[Federal law (Santorum Amendment) supports teaching alternatives]].  
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***CA041.1. [[La ley federal (Enmienda Santorum) apoya las alternativas de enseñanza]].  
 
**CA042. [[Biology can reasonably be taught without evolution]].
 
**CA042. [[Biology can reasonably be taught without evolution]].
 
**CA045. [[Inherit the Wind is false propaganda]].
 
**CA045. [[Inherit the Wind is false propaganda]].
Línea 43: Línea 43:
 
****CA110. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution will soon be widely rejected|Evolution will soon be widely rejected]].
 
****CA110. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution will soon be widely rejected|Evolution will soon be widely rejected]].
 
****CA111. [[Many current scientists reject evolution]].
 
****CA111. [[Many current scientists reject evolution]].
*****CA111.1. [[Over 300 scientists express skepticism of Darwinism]].
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*****CA111.1. [[Más de 300 científicos expresan escepticismo sobre el darwinismo]].
 
****CA112. [[Many scientists find problems with evolution]].
 
****CA112. [[Many scientists find problems with evolution]].
 
****CA113. [[Quote-mining]]
 
****CA113. [[Quote-mining]]
*****CA113.1. [[Darwin on evolution of the eye]].  
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*****CA113.1. [[Darwin sobre la evolución del ojo]].  
 
****CA114. [[Many famous scientists were creationists]].
 
****CA114. [[Many famous scientists were creationists]].
 
*****CA114.1. [[Lord Kelvin was a creationist]].
 
*****CA114.1. [[Lord Kelvin was a creationist]].
Línea 52: Línea 52:
 
*****CA114.4. [[Babbage was a creationist]].
 
*****CA114.4. [[Babbage was a creationist]].
 
*****CA114.10. [[Fabre was a creationist]].  
 
*****CA114.10. [[Fabre was a creationist]].  
*****CA114.22. [[Louis Pasteur was a creationist]].
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*****CA114.22. [[Louis Pasteur fue un creacionista]].
 
*****CA114.28. [[Steno was a creationist]].
 
*****CA114.28. [[Steno was a creationist]].
*****CA115.1. [[Design arguments converted atheist Anthony Flew to theism]].
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*****CA115.1. [[Los argumentos de diseño convirtieron al ateo Antony Flew en teísta]].
 
****CA118. [[Your arguments don't count because you are not qualified]].  
 
****CA118. [[Your arguments don't count because you are not qualified]].  
 
***CA120. [[An evolved mind is fallible, its conclusions untrustworthy]].
 
***CA120. [[An evolved mind is fallible, its conclusions untrustworthy]].
***CA131. [[Darwin suffered from psychoneurosis]].
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***CA131. [[Darwin sufría de psiconeurosis]].
 
**'''CA200: Theory of Science'''
 
**'''CA200: Theory of Science'''
 
***CA201. [[Evolution is only a theory]].
 
***CA201. [[Evolution is only a theory]].
 
***CA202. [[Evolution hasn't been proved]].
 
***CA202. [[Evolution hasn't been proved]].
***CA210. [[Evolution doesn't make predictions]].
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***CA210. [[La evolución no hace predicciones]].
 
***CA211. [[Evolution can't be falsified]].
 
***CA211. [[Evolution can't be falsified]].
 
****CA211.1. [[Karl Popper said Darwinism is not testable]].
 
****CA211.1. [[Karl Popper said Darwinism is not testable]].
Línea 82: Línea 82:
 
****CA320.2. [[Damadian was denied a Nobel prize because he was a creationist]].  
 
****CA320.2. [[Damadian was denied a Nobel prize because he was a creationist]].  
 
***CA321. [[Scientists are motivated to support naturalism and reject creationism]].
 
***CA321. [[Scientists are motivated to support naturalism and reject creationism]].
****CA321.1. [[Scientists' conclusions are motivated by money]].  
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****CA321.1. [[Las conclusiones de los científicos están motivadas por el dinero]].  
 
***CA325. [[Creationists are prevented from publishing in science journals]].
 
***CA325. [[Creationists are prevented from publishing in science journals]].
 
***CA340. [[Evolutionists don't accept debate challenges]].
 
***CA340. [[Evolutionists don't accept debate challenges]].
Línea 89: Línea 89:
 
****CA343. [[Evolutionists refuse Mastropaolo's "Life Science Prize" challenge]].  
 
****CA343. [[Evolutionists refuse Mastropaolo's "Life Science Prize" challenge]].  
 
***CA350. [[No gradual biochemical evolution models have been published]].  
 
***CA350. [[No gradual biochemical evolution models have been published]].  
**CA500. [["Survival of the fittest" is a tautology]].
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**CA500. [["La supervivencia del más apto" es una tautología]].
 
**CA510. [[Creationism and evolution are the only 2 models]].
 
**CA510. [[Creationism and evolution are the only 2 models]].
***CA510.1. [[Problems with evolution are evidence for creation]].  
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***CA510.1. [[Los problemas con la evolución son evidencia de la creación]].  
**CA520. [[The Origin of Species does not address speciation]].  
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**CA520. [[El origen de las especies no aborda la especiación]].  
 
*'''CA600: Theology'''
 
*'''CA600: Theology'''
 
**(see also CH: Biblical Creationism)
 
**(see also CH: Biblical Creationism)
Línea 131: Línea 131:
 
** CB035. [[(Talk.Origins) Miller's experiments had invalid assumption of type of atmosphere|Miller's experiments had invalid assumption of type of atmosphere]].
 
** CB035. [[(Talk.Origins) Miller's experiments had invalid assumption of type of atmosphere|Miller's experiments had invalid assumption of type of atmosphere]].
 
*** CB035.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Earth's early atmosphere had abundant oxygen|Earth's early atmosphere had abundant oxygen]].
 
*** CB035.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Earth's early atmosphere had abundant oxygen|Earth's early atmosphere had abundant oxygen]].
*** CB035.2. [[(Talk.Origins) Earth's early atmosphere had no reducing gases|Earth's early atmosphere had no reducing gases]].
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*** CB035.2. [[La atmósfera primitiva de la Tierra no tenía gases reductores]].
*** CB035.3. [[(Talk.Origins) Amino acids aren't generated from just CO2, nitrogen, and water|Amino acids aren't generated from just CO2, nitrogen, and water]].  
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*** CB035.3. [[Los aminoácidos no se generan solo a partir de CO2, nitrógeno y agua]].  
 
** CB040. [[(Talk.Origins) Life uses only left-handed amino acids|Life uses only left-handed amino acids]].
 
** CB040. [[(Talk.Origins) Life uses only left-handed amino acids|Life uses only left-handed amino acids]].
 
** CB050. [[(Talk.Origins) Abiogenesis is speculative, without evidence|Abiogenesis is speculative, without evidence]].
 
** CB050. [[(Talk.Origins) Abiogenesis is speculative, without evidence|Abiogenesis is speculative, without evidence]].
Línea 149: Línea 149:
 
** CB141. [[(Talk.Origins) Chromosome counts differ greatly and unsystematically between species|Chromosome counts differ greatly and unsystematically between species]].
 
** CB141. [[(Talk.Origins) Chromosome counts differ greatly and unsystematically between species|Chromosome counts differ greatly and unsystematically between species]].
 
** CB144. [[(Talk.Origins) Human and chimp genomes differ by more than one percent|Human and chimp genomes differ by more than one percent]].
 
** CB144. [[(Talk.Origins) Human and chimp genomes differ by more than one percent|Human and chimp genomes differ by more than one percent]].
** CB150. [[(Talk.Origins) Functional genetic sequences are too rare to have evolved from one another|Functional genetic sequences are too rare to have evolved from one another]].
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** CB150. [[Las secuencias genéticas funcionales son demasiado raras como para haber evolucionado unas de otras]].
 
** CB180. [[(Talk.Origins) The genetic code is a language|The genetic code is a language]].
 
** CB180. [[(Talk.Origins) The genetic code is a language|The genetic code is a language]].
 
*'''CB200: Molecular Biology'''
 
*'''CB200: Molecular Biology'''
Línea 170: Línea 170:
 
*** CB310. [[(Talk.Origins) The bombardier beetle is too complex to have evolved|The bombardier beetle is too complex to have evolved]].
 
*** CB310. [[(Talk.Origins) The bombardier beetle is too complex to have evolved|The bombardier beetle is too complex to have evolved]].
 
**** CB310.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Bombardier beetle chemicals would explode if mixed without an inhibitor|Bombardier beetle chemicals would explode if mixed without an inhibitor]].  
 
**** CB310.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Bombardier beetle chemicals would explode if mixed without an inhibitor|Bombardier beetle chemicals would explode if mixed without an inhibitor]].  
*** CB311. [[(Talk.Origins) Butterfly metamorphosis is too complex to have evolved|
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*** CB311. [[La metamorfosis de las mariposas es demasiado compleja para haber evolucionado]].
Butterfly metamorphosis is too complex to have evolved]].
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**** CB311.1. [[La evolución no puede explicar la evolución de la mariposa de la oruga]].  
**** CB311.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution can't explain butterfly evolving from caterpillar|Evolution can't explain butterfly evolving from caterpillar]].  
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*** CB325. [[(Talk.Origins) The giraffe neck couldn't evolve without a special circulatory system|The giraffe neck couldn't evolve without a special circulatory system]].
 
*** CB325. [[(Talk.Origins) The giraffe neck couldn't evolve without a special circulatory system|The giraffe neck couldn't evolve without a special circulatory system]].
 
*** CB326. [[(Talk.Origins) The woodpecker tongue couldn't have evolved|The woodpecker tongue couldn't have evolved]].
 
*** CB326. [[(Talk.Origins) The woodpecker tongue couldn't have evolved|The woodpecker tongue couldn't have evolved]].
*** CB340. [[(Talk.Origins) Organs and organ systems would be useless until all parts are in place|Organs and organ systems would be useless until all parts are in place]].
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*** CB340. [[Los órganos y sistemas de órganos serían inútiles hasta que todas las partes estén en su lugar]].
*** CB341. [[(Talk.Origins) Snake venom and hollow fangs couldn't have evolved simultaneously|Snake venom and hollow fangs couldn't have evolved simultaneously]].  
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*** CB341. [[El veneno de serpiente y los colmillos huecos no podrían haber evolucionado simultáneamente]].  
 
** CB350. [[(Talk.Origins) Sex can't have evolved|Sex can't have evolved]].
 
** CB350. [[(Talk.Origins) Sex can't have evolved|Sex can't have evolved]].
 
*** (see also [[CB610]]: no mate for 1st of a species.)  
 
*** (see also [[CB610]]: no mate for 1st of a species.)  
Línea 185: Línea 184:
 
*** CB361.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Presently useless vestigial organs once had function|Presently useless vestigial organs once had function]].
 
*** CB361.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Presently useless vestigial organs once had function|Presently useless vestigial organs once had function]].
 
** CB365. [[(Talk.Origins) Spinal treatments based on evolutionary theory fail|Spinal treatments based on evolutionary theory fail]].
 
** CB365. [[(Talk.Origins) Spinal treatments based on evolutionary theory fail|Spinal treatments based on evolutionary theory fail]].
** CB370. [[(Talk.Origins) Endorphins at death indicate a beneficent creator, not evolution|Endorphins at death indicate a beneficent creator, not evolution]].
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** CB370. [[Las endorfinas al morir indican un creador benéfico, no la evolución]].
 
** CB381. [[(Talk.Origins) Men have fewer ribs than women|Men have fewer ribs than women]].  
 
** CB381. [[(Talk.Origins) Men have fewer ribs than women|Men have fewer ribs than women]].  
 
* '''CB400: Behavior and Cognition'''
 
* '''CB400: Behavior and Cognition'''
 
** CB400. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution can't explain consciousness|Evolution can't explain consciousness]].
 
** CB400. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution can't explain consciousness|Evolution can't explain consciousness]].
 
*** CB400.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain human intelligence|Evolution doesn't explain human intelligence]].  
 
*** CB400.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain human intelligence|Evolution doesn't explain human intelligence]].  
** CB401. [[(Talk.Origins) Instincts are too complex to have evolved|Instincts are too complex to have evolved]].
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** CB401. [[Los instintos son demasiado complejos para haber evolucionado]].
** CB402. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain language ability|Evolution doesn't explain language ability]].
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** CB402. [[La evolución no explica la habilidad del lenguaje]].
** CB403. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain homosexuality|Evolution doesn't explain homosexuality]].
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** CB403. [[La evolución no explica la homosexualidad]].
 
** CB411. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain morals|Evolution doesn't explain morals]].
 
** CB411. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain morals|Evolution doesn't explain morals]].
** CB420. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain art|Evolution doesn't explain art]].
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** CB420. [[La evolución no explica el arte]].
** CB421. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain music|Evolution doesn't explain music]].
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** CB421. [[La evolución no explica la música]].
** CB430. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain personality and emotions|Evolution doesn't explain personality and emotions]].
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** CB430. [[La evolución no explica la personalidad y las emociones]].
** CB440. [[(Talk.Origins) Evolution doesn't explain religion|Evolution doesn't explain religion]].  
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** CB440. [[La evolución no explica la religión]].  
 
* '''CB500: Botany'''
 
* '''CB500: Botany'''
 
** CB501. [[(Talk.Origins)Dendrochronology is suspect because 2 or more rings can grow per year|Dendrochronology is suspect because 2 or more rings can grow per year]].
 
** CB501. [[(Talk.Origins)Dendrochronology is suspect because 2 or more rings can grow per year|Dendrochronology is suspect because 2 or more rings can grow per year]].
Línea 210: Línea 209:
 
**** CB601.2.4. [[(Talk.Origins)In places, light moths increased before lichens reappeared|In places, light moths increased before lichens reappeared]].
 
**** CB601.2.4. [[(Talk.Origins)In places, light moths increased before lichens reappeared|In places, light moths increased before lichens reappeared]].
 
**** CB601.2.5. [[(Talk.Origins)Light moths increased before trees got lighter|Light moths increased before trees got lighter]].  
 
**** CB601.2.5. [[(Talk.Origins)Light moths increased before trees got lighter|Light moths increased before trees got lighter]].  
*** CB601.3. [[(Talk.Origins)Direct mutagenesis better explains peppered moth variation|Direct mutagenesis better explains peppered moth variation]].
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*** CB601.3. [[La mutagénesis directa explica mejor la variación de la polilla moteada]].
*** CB601.4. [[(Talk.Origins)An increased recapture rate suggests fraud in Kettlewell's data|An increased recapture rate suggests fraud in Kettlewell's data]].
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*** CB601.4. [[Una mayor tasa de recuperación sugiere fraude en los datos de Kettlewell]].
 
*** (see also [[CB910.2]]: Peppered moths remain same species.)  
 
*** (see also [[CB910.2]]: Peppered moths remain same species.)  
** CB610. [[(Talk.Origins)The first individual of a new species wouldn't find a mate|The first individual of a new species wouldn't find a mate]].
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** CB610. [[El primer individuo de una nueva especie no encontraría un compañero]].
 
** CB620. [[(Talk.Origins)Human population growth indicates a young earth|Human population growth indicates a young earth]].
 
** CB620. [[(Talk.Origins)Human population growth indicates a young earth|Human population growth indicates a young earth]].
 
** CB621. [[(Talk.Origins)Humanity was traced back to an African Eve|Humanity was traced back to an African Eve]].
 
** CB621. [[(Talk.Origins)Humanity was traced back to an African Eve|Humanity was traced back to an African Eve]].
Línea 225: Línea 224:
 
** CB731. [[(Talk.Origins) Finger development disproves birds descended from dinosaurs|Finger development disproves birds descended from dinosaurs]].
 
** CB731. [[(Talk.Origins) Finger development disproves birds descended from dinosaurs|Finger development disproves birds descended from dinosaurs]].
 
** CB732. [[(Talk.Origins) Finger development differs greatly between human and frog|Finger development differs greatly between human and frog]].  
 
** CB732. [[(Talk.Origins) Finger development differs greatly between human and frog|Finger development differs greatly between human and frog]].  
** CB751 [[(Talk.Origins) Bilateral symmetry and evolution|Bilateral symmetry and evolution]]
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** CB751 [[Simetría bilateral y evolución]]
 
* '''CB800: Systematics'''
 
* '''CB800: Systematics'''
 
** CB801. [[(Talk.Origins) Science can't define "species"|Science can't define "species"]].
 
** CB801. [[(Talk.Origins) Science can't define "species"|Science can't define "species"]].
Línea 245: Línea 244:
 
** CB904. [[(Talk.Origins) No entirely new features have evolved|No entirely new features have evolved]].
 
** CB904. [[(Talk.Origins) No entirely new features have evolved|No entirely new features have evolved]].
 
*** (see also CB101.2: [[(Talk.Origins) Mutations don't produce new features|mutations don't produce new features]].)  
 
*** (see also CB101.2: [[(Talk.Origins) Mutations don't produce new features|mutations don't produce new features]].)  
** CB910. [[(Talk.Origins) No new species have been observed|No new species have been observed]].
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** CB910. [[No se han observado nuevas especies]].
 
*** CB910.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Fruit fly experiments produce only fruit flies|Fruit fly experiments produce only fruit flies]].
 
*** CB910.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Fruit fly experiments produce only fruit flies|Fruit fly experiments produce only fruit flies]].
 
*** CB910.2. [[(Talk.Origins) Peppered moths remained the same species|Peppered moths remained the same species]].  
 
*** CB910.2. [[(Talk.Origins) Peppered moths remained the same species|Peppered moths remained the same species]].  
Línea 253: Línea 252:
 
*** CB921.1. [[(Talk.Origins) What use is half an eye?|What use is half an eye?]].
 
*** CB921.1. [[(Talk.Origins) What use is half an eye?|What use is half an eye?]].
 
*** CB921.2. [[(Talk.Origins) What use is half a wing?|What use is half a wing?]].
 
*** CB921.2. [[(Talk.Origins) What use is half a wing?|What use is half a wing?]].
** CB922. [[(Talk.Origins) No 2-celled life exists intermediate between one- and multi-celled|No 2-celled life exists intermediate between one- and multi-celled]].
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** CB922. [[No existe una vida de 2 celdas intermedia entre una y varias celdas]].
** CB925. [[(Talk.Origins) We don't see creatures in various stages of completion|We don't see creatures in various stages of completion]].
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** CB925. [[No vemos criaturas en varias etapas de finalización]].
** CB926. [[(Talk.Origins) Preadaptation implies organs evolved before they were needed|Preadaptation implies organs evolved before they were needed]].
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** CB926. [[La preadaptación implica que los órganos evolucionaron antes de ser necesarios]].
** CB928. [[(Talk.Origins) Why aren't beneficial traits evolved more often?|Why aren't beneficial traits evolved more often?]].
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** CB928. [[¿Por qué los rasgos beneficiosos no evolucionan más a menudo?]].
*** CB928.1. [[(Talk.Origins) If intelligence is adaptive, other apes should have evolved it|If intelligence is adaptive, other apes should have evolved it]].
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*** CB928.1. [[Si la inteligencia es adaptativa, otros simios deberían haber evolucionado ella]].
 
*** CB928.2 [[(Talk.Origins) Humans still evolving|Humans still evolving]].
 
*** CB928.2 [[(Talk.Origins) Humans still evolving|Humans still evolving]].
 
** CB929. [[La evolución no explica nuestro uso de 1/10 de nuestro cerebro]].
 
** CB929. [[La evolución no explica nuestro uso de 1/10 de nuestro cerebro]].
 
** CB930. [[Some fossil species are still living]].
 
** CB930. [[Some fossil species are still living]].
 
*** CB930.1. [[The coelacanth, thought extinct for ages, is still living]].
 
*** CB930.1. [[The coelacanth, thought extinct for ages, is still living]].
*** CB930.2. [[A plesiosaur was found by a Japanese trawler]].
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*** CB930.2. [[Un plesiosaurio fue encontrado por un arrastrero japonés]].
 
*** CB930.3. [[Dinosaurs may still be alive in the Congo]].  
 
*** CB930.3. [[Dinosaurs may still be alive in the Congo]].  
 
*** CB930.4. [[(Talk.Origins) Pterodactyl in stone|Pterodactyl in stone]]
 
*** CB930.4. [[(Talk.Origins) Pterodactyl in stone|Pterodactyl in stone]]
** CB932. [[(Talk.Origins) Some modern species are apparently degenerate, not higher forms|Some modern species are apparently degenerate, not higher forms]].
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** CB932. [[Algunas especies modernas son aparentemente degeneradas, no de formas superiores]].
** CB940. [[Pure chance can't create new structures]].
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** CB940. [[El azar puro no puede crear nuevas estructuras]].
 
*** CB940.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Odds of many successive beneficial mutations are minuscule|Odds of many successive beneficial mutations are minuscule]].  
 
*** CB940.1. [[(Talk.Origins) Odds of many successive beneficial mutations are minuscule|Odds of many successive beneficial mutations are minuscule]].  
 
** CB941. [[How do things know how to evolve?]]
 
** CB941. [[How do things know how to evolve?]]
** CB950. [[(Talk.Origins) Over-specialization with no adaptive value sometimes occurs|Over-specialization with no adaptive value sometimes occurs]].
+
** CB950. [[A veces se produce una sobre-especialización sin valor adaptativo]].
** CB951. [[(Talk.Origins) Long-term trends (orthogenesis) don't fit evolutionary theory|Long-term trends (orthogenesis) don't fit evolutionary theory]].
+
** CB951. [[Las tendencias a largo plazo (ortogénesis) no se ajustan a la teoría evolutiva]].
** CB952. [[(Talk.Origins) Overspecialized diets and evolution|Overspecialized diets and evolution]]
+
** CB952. [[Dietas demasiado especializadas y la evolución]]
 
** CB990. [[(Talk.Origins) Proposed evolution scenarios are just-so stories|Proposed evolution scenarios are just-so stories]].
 
** CB990. [[(Talk.Origins) Proposed evolution scenarios are just-so stories|Proposed evolution scenarios are just-so stories]].
  
 
==CC: Paleontology==
 
==CC: Paleontology==
{{paleontology portal}}
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{{portal filosofía}}
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{{portal paleontología}}
 
* '''CC0: Physical Anthropology'''
 
* '''CC0: Physical Anthropology'''
 
** '''CC000-CC049: Questionable fossils'''
 
** '''CC000-CC049: Questionable fossils'''
Línea 294: Línea 294:
 
** CC052. [[Laetoli footprints were human]].
 
** CC052. [[Laetoli footprints were human]].
 
** CC054. [[KP 271 (a fossil humerus) was human]].
 
** CC054. [[KP 271 (a fossil humerus) was human]].
** CC061. [[French scientists called Peking Man "monkey-like"]].
+
** CC061. [[Científicos franceses llaman el Hombre de Pekín "simiesco"]].
 
** CC080. [[Australopithecus was fully ape, closer to chimp]].  
 
** CC080. [[Australopithecus was fully ape, closer to chimp]].  
 
** '''CC100: Human fossils are out of place.'''
 
** '''CC100: Human fossils are out of place.'''
Línea 302: Línea 302:
 
*** CC111. [[Malachite man was found in Cretaceous sandstone]].
 
*** CC111. [[Malachite man was found in Cretaceous sandstone]].
 
*** CC112. [[Castenedolo, Olmo, and Calaveras skulls were found in Pliocene strata]].
 
*** CC112. [[Castenedolo, Olmo, and Calaveras skulls were found in Pliocene strata]].
*** CC120. [[Baugh found a fossilized finger from the Cretaceous]].
+
*** CC120. [[Baugh encontró un dedo fosilizado del Cretáceo]].
*** CC130. [[A petrified hammer was found in Cretaceous rocks]].
+
*** CC130. [[Se encontró un martillo petrificado en rocas cretáceas]].
 
*** CC131. [[Iron pot in coal]].
 
*** CC131. [[Iron pot in coal]].
 
** '''CC150: Other Anthropology'''
 
** '''CC150: Other Anthropology'''
Línea 320: Línea 320:
 
****CC214.1. [[Archaeopteryx was probably not an ancestor of modern birds]].
 
****CC214.1. [[Archaeopteryx was probably not an ancestor of modern birds]].
 
*****CC214.1.1. [[Archaeopteryx is fully bird]]
 
*****CC214.1.1. [[Archaeopteryx is fully bird]]
**** CC214.2. [[Duck-billed dinosaur find disproves its bird ancestry]].  
+
**** CC214.2. [[El hallazgo de un dinosaurio con pico de pato refuta su ascendencia de aves]].  
 
*** CC215. [[(Talk.Origins) There are gaps between reptiles and mammals|There are gaps between reptiles and mammals]].
 
*** CC215. [[(Talk.Origins) There are gaps between reptiles and mammals|There are gaps between reptiles and mammals]].
 
*** CC216.1. [[There are gaps between land mammals and whales]].
 
*** CC216.1. [[There are gaps between land mammals and whales]].
Línea 349: Línea 349:
 
***  CC352. [[Archaeoraptor was a fake]].  
 
***  CC352. [[Archaeoraptor was a fake]].  
 
** '''CC360: Taphonomy'''
 
** '''CC360: Taphonomy'''
***  CC36. [[No new fossils are being formed]].
+
***  CC360. [[No se están formando nuevos fósiles]].
 
***  CC361. [[Fossils can form quickly]].
 
***  CC361. [[Fossils can form quickly]].
 
**** CC361.1. [[Coal and oil can form quickly]].
 
**** CC361.1. [[Coal and oil can form quickly]].
**** CC361.2. [[Mammoths have been found quickly frozen]].
+
**** CC361.2. [[Los mamuts se han encontrado rápidamente congelados]].
 
**** CC361.3. [[Contorted positions of fossil animals indicate rapid burial]].  
 
**** CC361.3. [[Contorted positions of fossil animals indicate rapid burial]].  
 
***  CC362. [[Large collections of fossils indicate catastrophism]].
 
***  CC362. [[Large collections of fossils indicate catastrophism]].
Línea 361: Línea 361:
 
***  CC371. [[Evidence of blood in a Tyrannosaurus bone indicates recent burial]].
 
***  CC371. [[Evidence of blood in a Tyrannosaurus bone indicates recent burial]].
 
**** CC371.1 [[Tyrannosaurus tissues from bone]].
 
**** CC371.1 [[Tyrannosaurus tissues from bone]].
*** CC373 [[Pristine ammonite and bivalve fossils]].
+
*** CC373 [[Amonitas y fósiles bivalvos intactos]].
 
*** CC381 [[Quantity of Stone-Age skeletons]].
 
*** CC381 [[Quantity of Stone-Age skeletons]].
 
* '''CC400: Methodology'''
 
* '''CC400: Methodology'''
Línea 373: Línea 373:
 
*** CD001. [[Radiometric dating falsely assumes rocks are closed systems]].
 
*** CD001. [[Radiometric dating falsely assumes rocks are closed systems]].
 
*** CD002. [[Radiometric dating falsely assumes initial conditions are known]].
 
*** CD002. [[Radiometric dating falsely assumes initial conditions are known]].
*** CD004. [[Cosmic rays and free neutrinos affect U and Ar decay rates]].
+
*** CD004. [[Los rayos cósmicos y los neutrinos libres afectan las tasas de descomposición de U y Ar]].
 
*** (see also CF200: Radiometric dating)  
 
*** (see also CF200: Radiometric dating)  
 
** CD010. [[Radiometric dating gives unreliable results]].
 
** CD010. [[Radiometric dating gives unreliable results]].
Línea 379: Línea 379:
 
**** CD011.1. [[Variable C14/C12 ratio invalidates C14 dating]].
 
**** CD011.1. [[Variable C14/C12 ratio invalidates C14 dating]].
 
**** CD011.2. [[Vollosovitch and Dima mammoths yielded inconsistent C14 dates]].
 
**** CD011.2. [[Vollosovitch and Dima mammoths yielded inconsistent C14 dates]].
**** CD011.3. [[Living snails were C14 dated at 2,300 and 27,000 years old]].
+
**** CD011.3. [[Los caracoles vivos fueron fechados por el C14 a los 2.300 y 27.000 años]].
 
**** CD011.4. [[A freshly killed seal was C14 dated at 1300 years old]].
 
**** CD011.4. [[A freshly killed seal was C14 dated at 1300 years old]].
 
**** CD011.5. [[Triassic wood from Australia was dated at 33K years old]].
 
**** CD011.5. [[Triassic wood from Australia was dated at 33K years old]].
Línea 399: Línea 399:
 
** CD103. [[Geologic column is based on the assumption of evolution]].
 
** CD103. [[Geologic column is based on the assumption of evolution]].
 
*** (see also [[CC310]]: Circular dating of fossils and strata.)  
 
*** (see also [[CC310]]: Circular dating of fossils and strata.)  
** CD110. [[Meteor craters are never found in deeper strata]].
+
** CD110. [[Los cráteres de meteoros nunca se encuentran en estratos más profundos]].
 
** CD111. [[Meteorites are never found in deeper strata]].
 
** CD111. [[Meteorites are never found in deeper strata]].
 
* '''CD200: Sedimentation'''
 
* '''CD200: Sedimentation'''
Línea 412: Línea 412:
 
** CD221. [[Oceans haven't enough dissolved minerals for an old earth]].
 
** CD221. [[Oceans haven't enough dissolved minerals for an old earth]].
 
***CD221.1. [[Amount of dissolved sodium in oceans]]
 
***CD221.1. [[Amount of dissolved sodium in oceans]]
** CD222. [[Juvenile water is added to oceans too fast for an old earth]].
+
** CD222. [[Se agrega agua juvenil a los océanos demasiado rápido para una tierra vieja]].
** CD230. [[Natural gas escapes too fast to allow for long ages]].
+
** CD230. [[El gas natural escapa demasiado rápido para permitir largas edades]].
 
** CD231. [[High pressures in oil fields would have bled off if earth were old]].
 
** CD231. [[High pressures in oil fields would have bled off if earth were old]].
** CD232. [[Oil seepage would have drained offshore reservoirs in 20,000 years]].
+
** CD232. [[La filtración de petróleo habría drenado los depósitos offshore en 20,000 años]].
 
** CD240. [[Experiments show that strata can violate principles of superposition]].
 
** CD240. [[Experiments show that strata can violate principles of superposition]].
 
** CD241. [[Varves can form in less than a year]].
 
** CD241. [[Varves can form in less than a year]].
Línea 423: Línea 423:
 
** CD301. [[Evaporites could form without evaporation]].
 
** CD301. [[Evaporites could form without evaporation]].
 
** CD302. [[Evaporites are too thick]].
 
** CD302. [[Evaporites are too thick]].
** CD303. [[Evaporites contain no organic matter]].  
+
** CD303. [[Las evaporitas no contienen materia orgánica]].  
 
* '''CD400: Glaciation'''
 
* '''CD400: Glaciation'''
 
** CD410. [[WWII airplanes are now beneath thousands of "annual" ice layers]].  
 
** CD410. [[WWII airplanes are now beneath thousands of "annual" ice layers]].  
 
* CD500: Mountain Building
 
* CD500: Mountain Building
** CD501. [[On an old earth, mountains would have eroded by now]].
+
** CD501. [[En una tierra vieja, las montañas ya se habrían erosionado]].
** CD502. [[Volcanic mountains are built too fast for an old earth]].
+
** CD502. [[Las montañas volcánicas se construyen demasiado rápido para una tierra vieja]].
** CD510. [[Folded rocks must have been soft when folded]].  
+
** CD510. [[Las rocas plegadas deben haber sido suaves cuando se pliegan]].  
 
* '''CD600: Erosion'''
 
* '''CD600: Erosion'''
 
** (see also CH540: Flood effects)
 
** (see also CH540: Flood effects)
Línea 436: Línea 436:
 
* '''CD700: Geophysics & Plate tectonics'''
 
* '''CD700: Geophysics & Plate tectonics'''
 
** CD701. [[Earth's magnetic field is decaying, indicating a young earth]].
 
** CD701. [[Earth's magnetic field is decaying, indicating a young earth]].
*** CD701.1. [[Cowling's theorem disproves dynamo theory of earth's magnetic field]].  
+
*** CD701.1. [[El teorema de Cowling refuta la teoría de la dinamo del campo magnético de la tierra]].  
 
** CD740. [[The theory of plate tectonics is wrong]].
 
** CD740. [[The theory of plate tectonics is wrong]].
 
*** CD741. [[Mid-ocean magnetic anomalies are not reversals]].  
 
*** CD741. [[Mid-ocean magnetic anomalies are not reversals]].  
 
** CD750. [[Plate tectonics occurred catastrophically and has since slowed]].  
 
** CD750. [[Plate tectonics occurred catastrophically and has since slowed]].  
 
* '''CD800: Climate Change'''
 
* '''CD800: Climate Change'''
** CD821. [[Sahara Desert is expanding]].
+
** CD821. [[El desierto del Sahara se está expandiendo]].
  
 
==CE: Astronomy and Cosmology ==
 
==CE: Astronomy and Cosmology ==
 
{{astronomy portal}}
 
{{astronomy portal}}
 
* '''CE000: Earth'''
 
* '''CE000: Earth'''
** CE001. [[Not enough helium in the atmosphere for an old earth]].
+
** CE001. [[No hay suficiente helio en la atmósfera para una tierra vieja]].
** CE010. [[NASA scientists found a day missing]].
+
** CE010. [[Científicos de la NASA encontraron un día perdido]].
 
** CE011. [[Earth's rotation is slowing, indicating a young earth]].
 
** CE011. [[Earth's rotation is slowing, indicating a young earth]].
***CE011.1. [[The frequency of leap seconds indicates a young earth]].  
+
***CE011.1. [[La frecuencia de segundos intercalares indica una tierra joven]].  
** CE020. [[An old earth would be covered by 182' of meteoric dust]].  
+
** CE020. [[Una tierra vieja estaría cubierta por 182 pies de polvo meteórico]].  
 
* '''CE100: Moon'''
 
* '''CE100: Moon'''
 
** CE101. [[Not enough moon dust for an old universe]].
 
** CE101. [[Not enough moon dust for an old universe]].
 
** CE110. [[Moon is receding at a rate too fast for an old universe]].
 
** CE110. [[Moon is receding at a rate too fast for an old universe]].
** CE130. [[Lunar moonquakes, lava flows, and gas emissions indicates its youth]].
+
** CE130. [[Los terremotos lunares, los flujos de lava y las emisiones de gases indican su juventud]].
 
** (see also [[CF220]]: Short-lived U-326, Th-230 found on moon.)  
 
** (see also [[CF220]]: Short-lived U-326, Th-230 found on moon.)  
 
* '''CE200: Planets and Solar System'''
 
* '''CE200: Planets and Solar System'''
** CE210. [[Venus' high temp and atmosphere should have eroded its surface features]].
+
** CE210. [[La alta temperatura y la atmósfera de Venus deberían haber erosionado sus características superficiales]].
 
** CF220. [[Short-lived U-326, Th-230 found on moon]].  
 
** CF220. [[Short-lived U-326, Th-230 found on moon]].  
** CE230. [[Io's great volcanic activity indicates a young age]].
+
** CE230. [[La gran actividad volcánica de Io indica una edad temprana]].
 
** CE231. [[Jupiter and Saturn are cooling too rapidly to be old]].
 
** CE231. [[Jupiter and Saturn are cooling too rapidly to be old]].
** CE240. [[Saturn's rings are unstable]].
+
** CE240. [[Los anillos de Saturno son inestables]].
 
** CE260. [[Three planets and several moons revolve backwards]].
 
** CE260. [[Three planets and several moons revolve backwards]].
*** CE260.1. [[Retrograde motion of planets disproves the big bang]].  
+
*** CE260.1. [[El movimiento retrógrado de los planetas refuta el big bang]].  
 
** CE261. [[Comets wouldn't have lasted in an old universe]].
 
** CE261. [[Comets wouldn't have lasted in an old universe]].
 
*** CE261.1. [[Oort cloud and Kuiper belt are ad-hoc fantasies of astronomers]].
 
*** CE261.1. [[Oort cloud and Kuiper belt are ad-hoc fantasies of astronomers]].
** CE280. [[Solar wind should have cleared inner solar system of microparticles]].
+
** CE280. [[El viento solar debería haber limpiado el sistema solar interno de micropartículas]].
** CE281. [[Poynting-Robertson effect would remove space dust in an old solar system]].  
+
** CE281. [[El efecto Poynting-Robertson eliminaría el polvo espacial en un viejo sistema solar]].  
 
* '''CE300: Sun & Stars'''
 
* '''CE300: Sun & Stars'''
 
** CE301. [[Lack of solar neutrinos indicates stellar model is wrong]].
 
** CE301. [[Lack of solar neutrinos indicates stellar model is wrong]].
 
** CE302. [[Sun has most of mass but little angular momentum of solar system]].
 
** CE302. [[Sun has most of mass but little angular momentum of solar system]].
** CE310. [[Shrinking sun indicates a young sun]].
+
** CE310. [[El sol que se encoge indica un sol joven]].
*** CE310.1. [[Helmholtz's contraction theory says the sun is young]].  
+
*** CE310.1. [[La teoría de la contracción de Helmholtz dice que el sol es joven]].  
 
** CE311. [[The faint young sun paradox contradicts an old earth]].
 
** CE311. [[The faint young sun paradox contradicts an old earth]].
** CE351. [[Sirius was a red star 2000 years ago and is a white dwarf now]].
+
** CE351. [[Sirius era una estrella roja hace 2000 años y ahora es una enana blanca]].
 
** CE380. [[Galaxies should lose their spiral shape over millions of years]].  
 
** CE380. [[Galaxies should lose their spiral shape over millions of years]].  
 
* '''CE400: Cosmology'''
 
* '''CE400: Cosmology'''
Línea 481: Línea 481:
 
** CE410. [[Physical constants are only assumed constant]].
 
** CE410. [[Physical constants are only assumed constant]].
 
*** CE411. [[Speed of light has changed]].
 
*** CE411. [[Speed of light has changed]].
**** CE411.1. [[Physicists found that the speed of light was once faster]].  
+
**** CE411.1. [[Los físicos descubrieron que la velocidad de la luz fue una vez más rápida]].  
 
*** CE412. [[Gravitational time dilation made distant clocks run faster]].
 
*** CE412. [[Gravitational time dilation made distant clocks run faster]].
 
*** (see also [[CF210]]: Radiometric dating assumes constant rates.)  
 
*** (see also [[CF210]]: Radiometric dating assumes constant rates.)  
Línea 500: Línea 500:
 
*** CF001.2. [[The 2nd law, and the trend to disorder, is universal]]
 
*** CF001.2. [[The 2nd law, and the trend to disorder, is universal]]
 
*** CF001.3. [[Instructions are necessary to produce order]]
 
*** CF001.3. [[Instructions are necessary to produce order]]
*** CF001.4. [[The 2nd law is about organized complexity, not entropy]]
+
*** CF001.4. [[La segunda ley trata de la complejidad organizada, no de la entropía]]
 
*** CF001.5. [[Evolution needs an energy conversion mechanism to utilize energy]]  
 
*** CF001.5. [[Evolution needs an energy conversion mechanism to utilize energy]]  
** CF002. [[Complexity doesn't come from simplicity]]
+
** CF002. [[La complejidad no proviene de la simplicidad]]
*** CF002.1. [[Tornadoes in junkyards don't build things]]  
+
*** CF002.1. [[Los tornados en depósitos de chatarra no construyen cosas]]  
** CF003. [[How could information, such as in DNA, assemble itself?]]
+
** CF003. [[¿Cómo podría reunirse la información, como en el ADN?]]
 
** CF005. [[2nd law of thermodynamics applies to information theory]]
 
** CF005. [[2nd law of thermodynamics applies to information theory]]
** CF010. [[Cybernetic simulations show Darwinian processes don't produce order]]
+
** CF010. [[Las simulaciones cibernéticas muestran que los procesos darwinianos no producen orden]]
 
** CF011. [[Evolutionary algorithms smuggle in design in the fitness function]]
 
** CF011. [[Evolutionary algorithms smuggle in design in the fitness function]]
 
*** CF011.1. [[The outcome of Dawkins' WEASEL program was prespecified]]
 
*** CF011.1. [[The outcome of Dawkins' WEASEL program was prespecified]]
*** CF011.2. [[NFL theorems prove evolutionary algorithms don't beat blind search]]
+
*** CF011.2. [[Los teoremas de la NFL prueban que los algoritmos evolutivos no superan la búsqueda a ciegas]]
 
* '''CF100: 1st Law of Thermodynamics'''
 
* '''CF100: 1st Law of Thermodynamics'''
 
** CF101. [[The universe's energy can't come from nothing]]
 
** CF101. [[The universe's energy can't come from nothing]]
Línea 523: Línea 523:
 
{{evolution portal}}
 
{{evolution portal}}
 
* '''CG000: History'''
 
* '''CG000: History'''
** CG001. [[Darwin recanted on his deathbed]]
+
** CG001. [[Darwin se retractó en su lecho de muerte]]
 
** CG010. [[The oldest living thing is younger than 4900 years]]
 
** CG010. [[The oldest living thing is younger than 4900 years]]
 
** CG020. [[3000 years is time enough for all languages, religions to develop]]
 
** CG020. [[3000 years is time enough for all languages, religions to develop]]
Línea 557: Línea 557:
 
*** CH102.2. [[Genesis must be literal; later writers refer to it as fact]]
 
*** CH102.2. [[Genesis must be literal; later writers refer to it as fact]]
 
**** CH102.2.1. [[Jesus refers to creation and flood as though they were literal]]
 
**** CH102.2.1. [[Jesus refers to creation and flood as though they were literal]]
** CH103. [[Bible claims inspiration]]
+
** CH103. [[La Biblia reclama inspiración]]
 
** CH110. [[Prophecies prove the accuracy of the Bible]]
 
** CH110. [[Prophecies prove the accuracy of the Bible]]
 
** CH120. [[The Bible must be accurate because archaeology supports it]]
 
** CH120. [[The Bible must be accurate because archaeology supports it]]
Línea 571: Línea 571:
 
** '''CH180: Bible is unique in other ways.'''
 
** '''CH180: Bible is unique in other ways.'''
 
*** CH181. [[Bible is popular]]
 
*** CH181. [[Bible is popular]]
***CH182. [[Bible is influential]]
+
***CH182. [[La Biblia es influyente]]
***CH183. [[Bible is target of persecution]]
+
***CH183. [[La Biblia es objeto de persecución]]
*** CH184. [[Bible is intellectually honest]]  
+
*** CH184. [[La Biblia es intelectualmente honesta]]  
 
** CH190. [[Bible is harmonious throughout]]  
 
** CH190. [[Bible is harmonious throughout]]  
 
* '''CH200-CH799: Young Earth Creationism'''
 
* '''CH200-CH799: Young Earth Creationism'''
Línea 582: Línea 582:
 
** '''CH300: Death and the Fall'''
 
** '''CH300: Death and the Fall'''
 
*** CH301. [[There was no death or decay before the Fall]]
 
*** CH301. [[There was no death or decay before the Fall]]
*** CH310. [[Pre-flood vapor canopy would have made world Edenic]]
+
*** CH310. [[El dosel de vapor previo a la inundación habría hecho el mundo edénico]]
*** CH311. [[Pre-flood vapor canopy would have extended human lifetimes]]
+
*** CH311. [[El dosel de vapor previo a la inundación habría prolongado la vida humana]]
 
*** CH320. [[Life is deteriorating]]
 
*** CH320. [[Life is deteriorating]]
 
**** CH321. [[Parasites are degenerations of free-living species]]  
 
**** CH321. [[Parasites are degenerations of free-living species]]  
Línea 592: Línea 592:
 
*** '''CH400: Source of Flood'''
 
*** '''CH400: Source of Flood'''
 
**** CH401. [[Flood from vapor canopy (Talk.Origins)|Flood from vapor canopy]]
 
**** CH401. [[Flood from vapor canopy (Talk.Origins)|Flood from vapor canopy]]
**** CH410. [[Flood from comet (Talk.Origins)|Flood from comet]]
+
**** CH410. [[Diluvio de un cometa]]
 
**** CH420. [[Hydroplate theory (Talk.Origins)|Hydroplate theory]]
 
**** CH420. [[Hydroplate theory (Talk.Origins)|Hydroplate theory]]
 
**** CH430. [[Runaway subduction (Talk.Origins)|Runaway subduction]]
 
**** CH430. [[Runaway subduction (Talk.Origins)|Runaway subduction]]
Línea 599: Línea 599:
 
***** CH501. [[We can expect to find Noah's Ark on Mt. Ararat]]
 
***** CH501. [[We can expect to find Noah's Ark on Mt. Ararat]]
 
***** CH502.1. [[Noah's Ark may have been photographed on Ararat in 1949]]
 
***** CH502.1. [[Noah's Ark may have been photographed on Ararat in 1949]]
***** CH502.2. [[ERTS satellite photographed Noah's Ark in 1973]]
+
***** CH502.2. [[El satélite ERTS fotografió el Arca de Noé en 1973]]
 
***** CH503. [[Noah's Ark has been found near Dogubayazit, Turkey]]
 
***** CH503. [[Noah's Ark has been found near Dogubayazit, Turkey]]
 
****** CH503.1. [[Anchor stones of Noah's Ark have been found]]
 
****** CH503.1. [[Anchor stones of Noah's Ark have been found]]
 
****** CH503.2. [[The Turkish government officially recognized the site of Noah's Ark]]  
 
****** CH503.2. [[The Turkish government officially recognized the site of Noah's Ark]]  
***** CH504.1. [[James Bryce found a 4-foot timber high on Ararat]]
+
***** CH504.1. [[James Bryce encontró una madera de 4 pies de altura en Ararat]]
***** CH504.2. [[Navarra retrieved hand-hewn wood from high on Ararat]]
+
***** CH504.2. [[Navarra recuperó madera tallada a mano desde lo alto de Ararat]]
***** CH504.3. [[Hardwicke Knight found soft wood timbers on Ararat]]
+
***** CH504.3. [[Hardwicke Knight encontró vigas de madera blanda en Ararat]]
 
***** CH505.1. [[Yearam guided 3 vile scientists to Noah's Ark in 1916]]
 
***** CH505.1. [[Yearam guided 3 vile scientists to Noah's Ark in 1916]]
 
***** CH505.2. [[An 1883 Turkish expedition found Noah's Ark]]
 
***** CH505.2. [[An 1883 Turkish expedition found Noah's Ark]]
 
***** CH505.3. [[Prince Nouri of Baghdad found the Ark in 1887]]
 
***** CH505.3. [[Prince Nouri of Baghdad found the Ark in 1887]]
***** CH505.4. [[Hagopian visited the Ark with his uncle around 1908]]
+
***** CH505.4. [[Hagopian visitó el Arca con su tío alrededor de 1908]]
 
***** CH505.5. [[Russian aviator Roskovitsky photographed the Ark]]
 
***** CH505.5. [[Russian aviator Roskovitsky photographed the Ark]]
 
***** CH505.6. [[Resit, a Kurdish farmer, found the Ark in 1948]]
 
***** CH505.6. [[Resit, a Kurdish farmer, found the Ark in 1948]]
Línea 665: Línea 665:
 
** CI001. [[Intelligent design theory is scientific]].
 
** CI001. [[Intelligent design theory is scientific]].
 
*** CI001.1. [[Intelligent design theory is not religious]].
 
*** CI001.1. [[Intelligent design theory is not religious]].
*** CI001.2. [[Intelligent design is not creationism]].
+
*** CI001.2. [[El diseño inteligente no es creacionismo]].
*** CI001.3. [[Intelligent design is mainstream]].
+
*** CI001.3. [[El diseño inteligente es una corriente principal]].
 
*** CI001.4. [[Intelligent design has been published in peer-reviewed journals]].
 
*** CI001.4. [[Intelligent design has been published in peer-reviewed journals]].
 
*** (see also [[CA041.1]]: Santorum Amendment.)  
 
*** (see also [[CA041.1]]: Santorum Amendment.)  
** CI002. [[Intelligent design has explanatory power]].
+
** CI002. [[El diseño inteligente tiene poder explicativo]].
 
** CI009. [[Evidence for design disproves evolutionary mechanisms]].
 
** CI009. [[Evidence for design disproves evolutionary mechanisms]].
 
** CI010. [[There is a law of conservation of information]].
 
** CI010. [[There is a law of conservation of information]].
Línea 676: Línea 676:
 
** (see also [[CA100]]: Argument from incredulity.)
 
** (see also [[CA100]]: Argument from incredulity.)
 
** CI100. [[Design is detectable]].
 
** CI100. [[Design is detectable]].
*** CI100.1. [[Look; isn't design obvious?]]  
+
*** CI100.1. [[Mira; ¿No es obvio el diseño?]]  
** CI101. [[Complexity indicates design]].
+
** CI101. [[La complejidad indica diseño]].
 
** CI102. [[Irreducible complexity indicates design]].
 
** CI102. [[Irreducible complexity indicates design]].
** CI110. [[Complex specified information indicates design]].
+
** CI110. [[La información compleja especificada indica diseño]].
** CI111. [[Dembski's filter can detect design]].
+
** CI111. [[El filtro de Dembski puede detectar diseño]].
 
*** CI111.1. [[Specified information criterion produces no false positives]].
 
*** CI111.1. [[Specified information criterion produces no false positives]].
 
*** CI111.2. [[Specified complexity characterizes what intelligent agents do]].  
 
*** CI111.2. [[Specified complexity characterizes what intelligent agents do]].  
Línea 695: Línea 695:
 
* '''CI300: Anthropic Principle.'''
 
* '''CI300: Anthropic Principle.'''
 
** CI301. [[Cosmos is fine-tuned to permit human life]].
 
** CI301. [[Cosmos is fine-tuned to permit human life]].
** CI302. [[Cosmos is fine-tuned to permit scientific discovery]].  
+
** CI302. [[El cosmos está ajustado para permitir el descubrimiento científico]].  
 
* '''CI400: Meta-arguments'''
 
* '''CI400: Meta-arguments'''
 
** CI401. [[The methodology of science rules out even considering design]].
 
** CI401. [[The methodology of science rules out even considering design]].
Línea 704: Línea 704:
  
 
{{feature article}}
 
{{feature article}}
 +
 
==CJ: Other Creationism==
 
==CJ: Other Creationism==
  
Línea 711: Línea 712:
 
*'''CJ200-CJ499: Native North American Creationism'''
 
*'''CJ200-CJ499: Native North American Creationism'''
 
**'''CJ300: Creationism from individual tribes'''
 
**'''CJ300: Creationism from individual tribes'''
*** CJ311. [[9400-year-old Kennewick Man was an Umatilla ancestor]].
+
*** CJ311. [[El Hombre de Kennewick, de 9400 años de edad, era un antepasado de Umatilla]].
  
 
* '''CJ500-CJ699: Islamic Creationism'''
 
* '''CJ500-CJ699: Islamic Creationism'''
 
** '''CJ500: Qur'an Accuracy'''
 
** '''CJ500: Qur'an Accuracy'''
*** CJ530. [[Qur'an's accuracy on scientific points shows overall accuracy]].
+
*** CJ530. [[La precisión del Corán en los puntos científicos muestra la precisión general]].
 
**** CJ531. [[Qur'an speaks of an expanding universe]].
 
**** CJ531. [[Qur'an speaks of an expanding universe]].
**** CJ533. [[Qur'an describes human embryology accurately]].
+
**** CJ533. [[El Corán describe la embriología humana con precisión]].
  
  
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[[Category:Anticreation]]
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[[Categoría: Anticreación]]
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[[en:Index to Creationist Claims]]
 
[[en:Index to Creationist Claims]]
 
[[he:אינדקס טיעוני בריאתנים]]
 
[[he:אינדקס טיעוני בריאתנים]]
 
[[pt:Index to Creationist Claims]]
 
[[pt:Index to Creationist Claims]]

Revisión actual del 02:23 5 nov 2019

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La página web Talk.Origins Archive titulada Index to Creationist Claims, consiste en una lista de supuestas refutaciones a los argumentos creacionistas contra el evolucionismo. Gran parte de la lista se publicó posteriormente en 2005 como el The Counter-Creationism Handbook.

Algunas de estas afirmaciones son utilizadas regularmente por los creacionistas, algunas son poco frecuentes y otras no se utilizan en absoluto. No todas las objeciones planteadas por la Talk.Origins son incorrectas, pero es importante que los creacionistas respondan a esta lista anti-creacionista.

Esta página contiene vínculos a las respuestas de los creacionistas a cada una de las "refutaciones" que se encuentran en el sitio web Talk.Origin.

NOTA: Cuando se crea una página de este archivo, por favor, siga la guía en CreationWiki:Las respuestas a la Talk.Origins.

CA: Philosophy and Theology

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Navegar


CB: Biología

Creationwiki biology portal.png
Navegar


CC: Paleontology

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Navegar


Plantilla:Portal paleontología

CD: Geology

Plantilla:Geology portal

CE: Astronomy and Cosmology

Plantilla:Astronomy portal

CF: Physics and Mathematics

CG: Miscellaneous Anti-Evolution

Plantilla:Evolution portal

CH: Biblical Creationism

Plantilla:Creation portal

CI: Intelligent Design

Plantilla:Feature article

CJ: Other Creationism